FADDEGON, Barend (Bernard). Amsterdam 9.7.1874 — Ede (Gelderland) 28.6.1955. Dutch Indologist. Professor in Amsterdam. Son of Barend Abraham Faddegon (1840–1912), a watchmaker, and Sophia Elisabeth Laugeman, grew up in Amsterdam. Studies of Dutch at Amsterdam (Uhlenbeck), then Indology at Leiden under Kern and Speyer. Ph.D. 1906 Leiden. From 1907 PD, 1908 Lecturer (lector) at Amsterdam University, from 1919 eo. Professor of Sanskrit there. From 1922 member of K.N.A.W. In 1926-27 visiting Lecturer at Harvard. Retired in 1944. Married 1908 Emily Keene (1871?–1940), an Englishwoman from Oxford.

Faddegon was a specialist of Indian philosophy and of Pāṇini. Among his students were Buiskool, Dresden and Essers.

VREEDE-DE STUERS, Cora (née Suzanne Coralie Lucipara de Stuers). Bodegraven, South Holland 29.11.1909 — Baarn, prov. Utrecht 11.11.2002. Dutch Sociologist. Daughter of Eugène de Stuers, director of machine industry, and Susanna Teding van Berkhout. Educated in Utrecht, in 1928-35 studied art history, Malay and ethnology in Paris. In 1936 travelled with her husband via Egypt and India to Indonesia, where the husband had got a chair. During WW II in Japanese internment. From 1947 librarian of Bataviaasch genootschap in Batavia (Jakarta). Ph.D. 1957 Paris. From 1959 research scholar at Amsterdam, in 1969-73 Lecturer in Cultural Anthropology. Married 1933 Professor Frans Vreede (1887–1975).

Publications: Diss. L’émancipation de la femme indonesienne. 16+175 p. P. 1959.

– The Indonesian woman; struggles and achievements. 204 p. the Hague 1960.

– Parda: A Study of Muslim Women’s Life in Northern India. 12+128 p. Assen 1968.

– Girl Students in Jaipur. A Study in Attitudes Towards Family Life, Marriage, and Career. 12+141 p. 12 pl. Studies of Developing Countries 9. Assen 1970.

– Further works and articles, also on Near Eastern women.

Sources: Dutch Wikipedia.

BOER, Richard Constant. Warnsveld near Zutphen 31.1.1863 — Amsterdam 20.8.1929. Dutch Linguist. Son of Richard Willem Boer and Constantia Gisius Nanning. Ph.D. 1888 Groningen. In 1888-1900 taught Dutch and geography at gymnasium in Leeuwarden, also PD at Groningen. In 1900-29 Professor of Old Germanic and Sanskrit at Amsterdam, after 1921 mainly taught Scandinavian languages. Taught Sanskrit 1900-08, then left it to Faddegon, again in 1926-29. Married 1889 Helena Johanna Walther, three daughters and two sons.

Publications: Much on Germanic, especially on Old Norse (e.g. diss. 1888 on Örvar Odds saga, other studies on sagas and Edda).

Sources: Dutch Indology homepage about Amsterdam; geni.com; Wikipedia with photo.

SPEYER, Jacob Samuel (Speijer). Amsterdam 20.12.1849 — Leiden 1.11.1913. Dutch Indologist. Professor in Amsterdam, Groningen and Leiden. Born in a Jewish family, son of the elder J. S. Speyer and Elizabet Calisch. Educated in Amsterdam, studied three years classics at Athenaeum there, then Sanskrit at Leiden (under Kern). Ph.D. 1872 Leiden. In 1872-73 taught Latin at gymnasium in Hoorn and 1873-79 in Amsterdam. In 1879-88 Lektor of Sanskrit at Amsterdam, the first to teach Sanskrit there. From May 1888 eo. Professor at Amsterdam, from December 1888 Professor of Sanskrit and Latin at Groningen. In 1903 succeeded Kern as Professor of Sanskrit at Leiden, taught there until his death. Married Henriette Marianne Cohen (1855–1938), one daughter.

Speyer was a good teacher (he started the teaching of Sanskrit at Amsterdam and Groningen) and a scholar who understood to publish his works in major languages. His Sanskrit Syntax became a much used handbook. He had many interests: grammar (syntax), Buddhism, narrative and dramatic literature, Old Javanese, epigraphy. Much time was spent in showing the confusion and errors of theosophy. Among his students were Huizinga, Faddegon, N. J. Krom and Lulius van Goor.

Publications: Diss. De ceremonia apud Indos quae vocatur jātakarma. 134 p. Lugduni Bat. 1872.

– “Bemerkungen zu den Gṛhyasûtra”, BTLV 27:1, 1879, 155-201.

– “Le mythe de Nahusha”, OC 6, Leiden 1883, 3:2, 1885, 81-120.

– Sanskrit Syntax. 402 p. Leiden 1886; Vedische und Sanskrit Syntax. 96 p. Grundr. 1:6. Strassburg 1896.

– “Le dieu romain Janus”, RHR 26, 1892, 1-47; “Ein syntaktisches Kleeblatt”, IF 31, 1912-13, 108-119.

– Translated: The Jātakamāla or garland of birth-stories of Āryasūra. 350 p. S.B.B. 1. L. 1895; edited: Avadanaçataka. A century of edifying tales belonging to the Hinayana. 1-2. 388+112+238 p. Bibl. Buddh. 3. St.P. 1906-09.

– “Kritische Nachlese zu Açvaghosha’s Buddhacarita”, Med.KNAW 3:11:3, 1895, 340-356; “Notes on the text of Saundarananda”, ibid. 4:6:2, 1913, 125-139; “Some critical notes on Aśvaghoṣa’s Buddhacarita”, JRAS 1914, 105-118.

– “Critical remarks on the text of the Divyāvadāna”, WZKM 16, 1902, 103-130, 340-361.

– Studies about the Kathāsaritsāgara. 180 p. V.K.N.A.W. 8:5. Amsterdam 1908.

– De Indische theosophie en hare biteekenis voor ons. 354 p. Ld. 1910, German Lp. 1914.

– “Ein altjavanische mahāyānistische Katechismus”, ZDMG 67, 1913, 347-362; Javanese Buddhist inscriptions publ. in Dutch in VKNAW 1904.

– Other articles and reviews, also wrote on classical philology (e.g. edition of Phaedri fabulae Aesopicae. 84 p. 1912).

Sources: *W. Caland, Jaarboek K.N.A.W. 1914, 37-77; *B. Faddegon, Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde 1915, 259-309; J.Ph. Vogel, JRAS 1914, 227-232; full bibliography in Dutch Indology homepage; Wikipedia with portrait; parents and family in geni.com.

SCHARPÉ, Adriaan Alberik Maria. Leuven 29.10.1913 — 7.3.1986. Belgian Indologist. Professor in Gent and Amsterdam. Son of Lodewijk (Louis) Sharp (1869–1935), Professor of German, and Esther Legein (1867–1922). Studies of Classics 1931-37 at Leuven, Ph.D. 1937/38, also 1934-39 studies of Indology at Utrecht, Ph.D. there 1937 under Gonda. In 1939-42 schoolteacher of classics in Berchem, 1944-48 Docent of Sanskrit and Classics at Ghent. In 1948-79 ord. Professor of Sanskrit at Ghent, in 1947-78 also eo. Professor of Sanskrit and Comparative IE at Amsterdam University. Married 1939 Maria Josepha Louisa Switters (b. 1918), five sons and one daughter.

Only auxiliary parts of Scharpé’s great Kālidāsa Lexikon were published, but apparently copies of the work itself were given to some colleagues. He initiated the series Corpus Topographicum Indiae Antiquae. Among his students were J. Loman at Ghent and L. Rocher and Roodbergen at Amsterdam.

Publications: Leuven diss. The classical Sanskrit romance. Manuscript (?) 1937; Utrecht diss. Bāṇa’s Kādambarī. 15+502 p. Leuven 1937 (Dutch transl. & study).

– Handleiding bij de studie van het klassieke Sanskrit. 1. Grammatica. 23?110 p. 2. Oefeningen. 8+90+15 p. 3. Teksten. 7+143 p. Leuven 1943; 4. Vertaling en woordenlijst bij de Sanskrit. 1965; Précis de grammaire du sanskrit classique. 1. Phonétique, déclinaison, conjugaison (système du présent). 135 p. Louvain 1945; Beginselen van het Sanskrit. 32 p. Or. Gand. 3:3. Gent 1970.

– Wezen en wording der klassieke Sanskrit-literatuur. 27 p. Groningen 1950.

– Kālidāsa Lexikon. Vol. 1:1-4. Basic text of the works. Brugge 1954-64: 1. Abhijñānaśakuntalā. 136 p. 1954; 2. Mālavikāgnimitra and Vikramorvaśī. 152 p. 1956; 3. Kumārasaṁbhava, Meghadūta, Ṛtusaṁhāra and incerta. 224 p. 1958; 4. Raghuvaṁśa. 304 p. 1964; Vol. 2. References and Concordances of Quotations. 1-2. 17+276 & 14+253 p. Rijksuniversiteit te Gent, Werken uitgegeven door de Faculteit van de Letteren en Wijsbegeerte 159-160. Brügge 1975.

– “Additions to the Kālidāsa Basic text”, Gonda Vol. 1972, 177-186; “Zur zentral­indischen Toponymie des Meghadūta”, ZDMG Suppl. 1, 1969, 935-939.

– Tentoonstelling Sanskritkunde in de Nederlanden en in Europa in historisch perspectief. 99 p. Werken uitg. door het Rectoraat van de Rijksuniversiteit te Gent 21. Leuven 1966.

– “Topographica Indica”, Or. Gand. 2, 1965, 189-257 & 3, 1966, 223-339 (in Dutch); “Sanskrit Place-names from Inscriptions”, Pratidānam Kuiper 1968, 615-627.

– Edited with others: Corpus Topographicum Indiae Antiquae: A sodalibus Universitatis Gandavensis et Universitatis Lovaniensis editum. 1. O.L.A. 37. Gent 1974 (Epigraphical find-spots, by R. Stroobandt).

Sources: Bibliography and photo in www.dutchstudies-satsea.nl; photo in Sardesai, another in Gonda, Indology in the Netherlands. 1964; early career in lib.ugent.be with photo; E. De Clercq in UGentMemorie (2018) with photo; family in myheritage.com & gw.geneanet.org.

VREESE, Koenraad Stanislaus Jan Marie de. Ghent 15.5.1906 — Baarn, prov. Utrecht 30.4.1992. Belgian Indologist in the Netherlands. Professor in Amsterdam. After gymnasium in Rotterdam (1919-22) studied classics at Leiden in 1924-30. Ph.D. 1936 Leiden (under Vogel). In 1930-48 schoolteacher in Delft, 1948-60 principal in Zaandam high school. In 1948-63 PD of Pāli at Leiden. From 1960 eo. (bijzonder), 1963 eo. (extraordinary) and 1969 ord. Professor of Modern Indian Languages at Amsterdam University. Retired in 1981.

Vreese started his career as a Sanskrit and Pāli scholar, but later worked mainly on NIA.

Publications: Nīlamata, or Teachings of Nīla, Sanskrit text with critical notes. 23+151 p. Leiden 1936 (Nīlamatapurāṇa).

– Het Milindapañha. Inaug. rede, op. pāli lessons. 1948.

– Translated: Nala. Episch verhaal uit het Mahâbhârata. 34+128 p. Ld. 1948.

– “The game of dice in ancient India (the vibhītaka game)”, Orientalia Neerlandica 1948, 349-362.

– “Apabhraṁśa Studies”, JAOS 74, 1954, 1-5, 152-146 & 79, 1955, 1-16 & 1981, 1961, 13-21; “A Dravidian turn in Apabhraṃśa”, JRAS 86, 35-42; “Did Middle Indian know an abl. sg. m. n. in -aṁ”, BSOAS 17, 1955, 369-371.

– De beofening van de Nieuw-indische talen. Inaug. rede. Leiden 1960, also in English: The Study of the New Indian Languages. 27 p. 1960.

– Meesters der Indische vertelkunst. Bijgebracht en vert. Meesters der Vertelkunst 16. 1967.

– “Munda Pronouns in New Indo-Aryan”, Fs. Kuiper 1968, 359-361; “A Dravidian Idiom in Sinhalese”, Fs. Gonda 1972, 232-238; “Dravidian idioms in later Pāli”, OLP 11, 1981, 179-222.

– A few further articles and reviews.

Sources: Death noted in JRAS 1993; bibliography in Dutch Indology homepage with small photo.

UHLENBECK, Christianus Cornelius. Voorburg, South Holland 18.10.1866 — Lugano, Switzerland 12.8.1951 (or 1959?). Dutch Linguist and IE Scholar. Professor in Leiden. Son of Peter Frederik U., a retired naval officer (serving in Indonesia) with German background, and Julie le Roux, grew up in Haarlem. Studied from 1885 Dutch Literature at Leidenunder P. J. Cosijn et al., apparently also Sanskrit under Kern. Ph.D. 1888 Leiden (Kern). In 1890 archival studies in Russia. In 1892-99 eo. Professor (buiteng. hoogleraar) of Sanskrit at Amsterdam, taught there also Russian and Old Germanic. In 1899-1926 Professor of Old Germanic Languages and Comparative Linguistics at Leiden (succeeding Cosijn). After 1926 lived in Nijmegen and Amersfoort and from 1936 in Lugano. From 1904 Member of Dutch Academy. Married 1891 Wilhelmina (Willy) Maria Melchior (1862–1954).

Uhlenbeck is well known in Indology as the author of the first complete etymological dictionary of Sanskrit, but the main part of his work lies elsewhere. Already as student he became interested in Basque. He was interested in many different families of languages, being convinced that their study would also much benefit IE linguistics, mainly concentrating on Basque and Greenlandic. In 1910-11 he was twicein the U.S.A., collecting  material on the Blackfoot language in Montana, and then mainly concentrated on the still little known field of American languages. Finally frustrated with his duties and suffering of over-fatigue and depression he took early retirement. In his later years he liked to combine IE, Uralic and Greenlandic into one whole. His long-time hobby was genealogy. Among his students were van Ginneken, Huizinga, van Gulik, Kuiper, Royen and Vogel.

Publications: Diss. De verwantschapsbetrekkingen tusschen de germaansche en baltoslavische talen. 6+77 p. Leiden 1888.

– Kurzgefasste etymologische Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache. 8+174 p. Amst. 1896, 2nd ed. 1900.

– Kurzgefasste etymologische Wörterbuch der altindischen Sprache. 12+367 p. Amsterdam 1898-99.

– Handboek der Indische Klankleer in vergelijking met die der Idg. samtaal. 101 p. Leiden 1894, English transl. A manual of Sanksrit phonetics, in comparison with the Indogermanic mother-language, for Students of Germanic and Classical Philology. 112 p. L. 1898, 2nd ed. 1960.

– Baskische Studiën. 50 p. Amsterdam 1891 (MKNAW 3:8, 179-228); Beiträge zu einer vergleichenden Lautlehre der baskischen Dialekte. 104+11 p. V.K.N.A.W. 5:1 & 24+1. Amsterdam 1903-23; Woordafleitende suffixen van het Baskisch. 79 p. V.K.N.A.W. 6:3. Amst. 1905.

– Ontwerp van eene vergelijkende vormleer der Eskimotalen. 76 p. V.K.N.A.W. 8:3. Amsterdam 1907.

– Original Blackfoot texts. 10+106, 10+264 p. V.K.N.A.W. 12:1 & 13:1. Amsterdam 1911-12; Flexion of Substantives in Blackfoot. 38 p. Amsterdam 1913; Some General Aspects of Blackfoot morphology. 61 p. V.K.N.A.W. 14:5. Amst. 1914; A concise Blackfoot grammar. 240 p. V.K.N.A.W. 41. Amst. 1938; with R. H. van Gulik, English–Blackfoot and Blackfoot–English Vocabulary. 1-2. 263+380 p. Amst. 1930-34; other studies on Amerindian languages.

– “Die einheimischen Sprachen Nord-Amerikas bis zum Rio Grande”, Anthropos 3, 1908, 773-800 & 5, 1910, 779-786, 1161;“Zu einzelnen Eskimowörtern”, Anthropos 45, 1950, 177-182.

– Much on Germanic and Balto-Slavic languages.

Sources: Wie is dat? 1958; *A.J. van Essen, Lex. Gramm. 1996, 945; *A. Griffiths, “C. C. Uhlenbeck’s work on Sanskrit and his role in the history of Dutch Indology”, Inge Genee & Jan Paul Hinrichs (eds.), C. C. Uhlenbeck (1866-1951): A linguist revisited = Canadian Journal of Netherlandic Studies / Revue canadienne d’études néerlandaises 29:2 / 30:1, 2008-09), 71-77; J.P.B. de Josselin de Jong, *Lingua 3, 1953, 243-268 (republ. in Sebeok 1966:2, 253-266, original Dutch version in *Jaarboek der K. N. Akad. van Wet. 1951-52); Wikipedia with photo (more in Dutch version, with further references); photo also in in Pedersen 1959, 126.

*W. M. Uhlenbeck-Melchior: Montana 1911: a professor and his wife among the Blackfeet: Wilhelmina Maria Uhlenbeck-Melchior’s diary and C. C. Uhlenbeck’s original Blackfoot texts and a new series of Blackfoot texts. 19??. and new ed. Calgary 2005 (original in Dutch)

LOHUIZEN-DE LEEUW, Johanna (Hanne) Engelberta van (née Joan de Leeuw). Amsterdam 25.10.1919 — Amsterdam 8.12.1983. Dutch Indologist and Art Historian. Professor in Amsterdam. Daughter of botanist Willem Carel de Leeuw (1881–1964) and Margareta Lievina Muller, spent part of her childhood in the U.S.A. and came back to the Netherlands to school, in Baarn and Leiden. Studies of Indo-Iranian at Leiden (cand. 1941 under Vogel) and Utrecht. Ph.D. 1949 Utrecht (Gonda). In 1945-51 taught at Utrecht Indonesian and Indian archaeology, art history and epigraphy. In 1951-59 Lecturer in Indian Art and Archaeology at Cambridge. From 1960 until her death Professor of Indian History and Archaeology at Amsterdam University. In 1977-78 Visiting Fellow at Cambridge. She planned to retire in 1984 and move to Cambridge, but died suddenly on a cerebrial haemorrhage. In 1943 married with historian Jan van Lohuizen, no children.

Van Lohuizen-de Leeuw was a noted specialist of Indian art and archaeology, whose interests included Central Asia, Thailand and Indonesia. Her dissertation was an important pioneer work on a difficult subject. She was very active in the biennial South Asian Archaeology conferences.

Publications: Diss. The Scythian Period. 12+435 p. 40 pl. Or. Rh.-Tr. 2. Leiden 1949.

– “Einige Miniaturen in het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde te Leiden”, Cultureel Indie 4, 1942, 12-16; a great number of further articles.

– “Zuid-Azië tot 1500”, Wereldgeschiedenis. 1. Utrecht 1951, 6-78; “De Indische Gebieden (Voor-Indië en Achter-Indië)”, Algemene Kunstgeschiedenis. 6. Utrecht 1951, 116-182; “Storia dell’ Indonesia”, Le civiltà dell’ Oriente. 1. Roma 1956, 861-903; “Heinrich Zimmer and Indian Art”, Arts as. 4, 1957, 221-235; “Het Indische Cultuurgebied: Voor-Indië, Ceylon, Birma, Kambodja, Campa, Thailand, Vietnam”, Algemene Kunstgeschiedenis. 5. Zeist 1959, 1-74 & 188-192; “Zuid-Azië tot 1500”, Wereldgeschiedenis. 1. Zeist 1963, 7-100; id. Bussum 1972, 7-100.

– “The Dikpālas in ancient Java”, Bijdr. tot de T.L.V. 111, 1955, 356-384; “South-East Asian architecture and the Stūpa of Nandangaṛh”, Art. As. 19, 1956, 279-290, 5 fig.; “The Dhyāni-Buddhas of Barabudur”, Bijdr. tot de T.L.V. 121, 1965, 389-416; “The Paṭṭikerā Unadā and Variation of her Image”, Bhattasali Comm. Vol. Dacca 1966, 119-143.

– “Indian Ivories with special Reference to a Medieval Throne Leg from Orissā”, Arta as. 6, 1959, 195-216.

– De protohistorische culturen van Voor-Indië. 37 p. Leiden 1960 (inaugural lecture).

– With M. Taddei: “Arte dell’ Indonesia”, Le civiltà dell’ Oriente. 4. Roma 1962, 975-1030.

– “The Date of Kaniṣka and some recently published Images”, A. Basham (ed.), Papers on the Date of K. Leiden 1968, 126-133; “India and its Cultural Empire”, D. Sinor (ed.), Orientalism and History. Bloomington & L. 1970, 36-67; “Gandhāra and Mathurā: Their Cultural Relationship”, Aspects of Indian Art. Leiden 1972, 27-43; “Archäologie und Kunst”, Einführung in die Indologie. Darmstadt 1979, 206-232; “The Stūpa in Indonesia”, The Stūpa. Wb. 1980, 277-300.

– “The Pre-Muslim Antiquities of Sind”, SAA 1975, Ld. 1979, 151-174; “New Evidence with regard to the Origin of the Buddha Image”, SAA 1979, B. 1981, 377-400.

– Some Buddhist sculptures and Indian paintings. 16 p. 10 pl. Amsterdam 1982.

Sources: F.R. Allchin, SAA 1983, Naples 1985, 2-7 (with photo); J. Boisselier, Aarts as, 42, 1987, 102-104; J. G. de Casparis, BTLV 142, 1986, 191-197; J.C. Harle, JRAS 1985, 65f.; *J.M. Rosenfield, AAA 37, 1984, 109-1??; *D.M. Srinivasan, Art.As. 46, 1985, 149-153; *R. Webb, Buddhist Studies Review 1, 1983, 51f.; bibliography in *SARAS Bulletin 2, 1983, 76-84 and Dutch Indology homepage; Wikipedia; another photo in Gonda, Indology in the Netherlands. 1964.

HARTING, Peter (Pieter Nicolaus Ubbo). Batavia (Jakarta) 15.1.1892 — Amsterdam 11.8.1970. Dutch Indologist and Linguist (English). After Gymnasium in Amersfoort studied at Utrecht (1918 M.A. in Dutch), in Indology student of Caland. Ph.D. 1922 Utrecht. In 1920-23 Reader in Dutch at University of London, also at Bedford College for Women, in 1923-25 Reader in Literature and Head of Department, U.L., also Taylorian Lecturer in Dutch at Oxford. In 1925-37 Professor of English at Groningen University, in 1933-37 also of Sanskrit, from 1937 Professor of English at Amsterdam University, retired 1962.

Publications: Diss. Selections from the Baudhāyana-gṛhya-pariśiṣṭa-sūtra. 34+67 p. Amersfoort 1922.

Sources: Wie is dat? 1938, 1956; not in Who’s Who in the Netherlands 1962/63; internet bibliography of Dutch Indology; Dutch Wikipedia.