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KREFTER, Friedrich. Emden 15.10.1898 — Bad Honnef near Bonn 25.1.1995. German Architect and Archaeologist, Specialist of Persepolis. Matriculated 1917 from Münster, then served in army. In 1919-22 studied architecture in Hannover and Braunschweig. Worked as architect in Berlin (under Herzfeld’s brother-in-law), soon (1923) Herzfeld’s Assistant. In 1928 to Iran with Herzfeld, participated in his excavations of Pasargadae. In 1931-35 excavated Persepolis with Herzfeld (then continued by E. F. Schmidt). This was their last collaboration. From 1935-37 Professor of History of Architecture at the new University of Tehran, then returned to Germany. Taught at Staatsbauschule in Berlin-Neukölln, in 1940-46 served in army, finally as war prisoner. Then opened his own architecture firm and designed a number of private homes and hotels. Retired early, in 1961, and returned to his Iranian studies. Married 1941 Maria.
Publications: “Zur Steinmetztechnik von Persepolis”, Festschrift für Wilhelm Eilers. Wb. 1967, pp. 429-441; “Achämenidische Palast- und Grabtüren”, Arch. Mitt. aus Iran N.F. 1, 1968, 99-113; a few further articles.
– Persepolis-Rekonstruktionen: der Wiederaufbau des Frauenpalastes; Rekonstruktionen der Paläste; Modell von Persepolis. Teheraner Forschungen 3. Berlin 1971.
– “Mit Ernst Herzfeld in Pasargadae und Persepolis 1928 und 1931–1934”, Arch. Mitt. aus Iran 12, 1979, 13-25.
Sources: S.R. Hauser, Encyclop. Iranica online 2025 with photo; *W. Kleiss, Arch. Mitt. aus Iran 28, 1995-96, 11-27; German Wikipedia (defective).


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KLIMOV, Georgij Andreevič. Leningrad 23.9.1928 — Moscow 29.4.1997. Russian Linguist, Specialist of Karthvelian and Caucasian languages. From 1946-52 studied Caucasology at Leningrad. Kand. filol. nauk 1955 Tbilisi. From 1954 worked in Linguistic Institute of Soviet/Russian Academy of Sciences. Dr. filol. nauk 1965, Professor 1988. Married with his colleague Džoj Iosifovna Èdel’man (1930– ), one daughter.
Publications: With Džoj I. Èdel’man: Jazyk Burušaski. 116 p. M. 1970, 2nd ed. M. 2017.
– Much on Caucasian linguistics, also wrote on Amerindian languages.
Sources: Wikipedia (more in Russian version, with photo).


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KLEUKER, Johann Friedrich. Osterode am Harz 24.10.1749 — Kiel 31.5./1.6.1827. German Protestant theologian. Professor in Kiel. Son of shoemaker Johann Christian Kleuker (1715–1758) and Dorothea Magdalena Rose (1716–1770). From 1770 studied theology, philology and philosophy at Göttingen. Soon befriended with J. G. Herder. From 1778 secondary school principal in Osnabrück. From 1798 Professor of Theology at Kiel. Married 1784 Klara Auguste von Lengercke (b. 1750), no children.
Publications: Translated Anquetil-Duperron’s Zend-Avesta. 1-3. Riga 1776-78, repr. B. 2011.
– Zend-Avesta im Kleinen. Das ist Ormuzd’s Lichtgesetz oder Wort des Lebens an Zoroastre. Riga 1789.
– Das Brahmanische Religionsystem im Zusammenhange dargestellt und auf seinen Grundbegriffen erklärt, wie auch von den verschiedenen Ständen Indiens mit besonderer Rücksicht auf Fr. Paullini a S. Bartholomaeo Systema Brahmanicum. Riga 1797.
– Much on theology and philosophy; translated Plato.
Sources: *H. Delff, A.D.B. 16, 1882, 179f.; W. Göbel, N.D.B. 12, 1980, 56f.; Wikipedia (more in German version with further references).


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KERŠNER-GORBUNOVA, Natal’ja Grigor’evna. Leningrad 2.3.1927 — 11.9.2000. Russian Archaeologist. Daughter of biologist Grigorij Petrovič Gorbunov (1894–1942) and Elena Mihajlovna Keršner, a music teacher. During WW II evacuated in Tashkent. From 1946 studied ancient history and archaeology of Central Asia in Leningrad. Graduated 1951 Leningrad.  Kand. ist. nauk 1962. In 1951-58 worked in Ferghana Museum. From 1961 naučnyj sotrudnik at Hermitage, from 1962 in charge of the archaeo­logical expedition in Ferghana.
Publications: Kand.diss. Kul’tura Fergany v èpohu rannego železa. Manuscript of 183 p. Lg. 1961.
– The Culture of Ancient Ferghana: VI Century. 365 p. Oxford 1986.
– Articles.
Sources: Miliband 1995; years, photo and bibliography in archaeoglobus.sfu-kras.ru; fi.wiki7.org.


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KEIPER, Philipp. Otterberg, Kaiserslauten 15.3.1855 — Regensburg 21.10.1927. German Teacher and Philologist. Studied classics and Iranian (Spiegel). Ph.D. 1877 Erlangen. Gymnasium teacher in Erlangen, Ludwigshafen and Zweibrücken.
Publications: Diss. Die Perser des Aeschylos: als Quelle für altpersische Altertumskunde nebst Erklärung der darin vorkommenden altpersischen Eigennamen. 114 p. Erlangen 1877.
– “Die neuentdeckten Inschriften über Cyrus”, Programm der k. Studienanstalt Zweibrücken zum Schlusse des Studienjahres 1881/82. Zweibrücken 1882, 37 p.
– Also wrote on German philology.
Sources:  commons.wikimedia.com with photo.


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KAMMENHUBER, Annelies. Hamburg 19.3.1922 — Munich 14.12.1995. German Linguist and Hittite Scholar. Professor in Munich. Daughter of Georg Kammenhuber, a master locksmith, and Maria Hawranek, a Roman Catholic family. Grew up in Hamburg. Studied at Hamburg English, Romance, Latin, Indology, IE linguistics and philosophy in 1940-50 (delayed by the war), also at Munich. Ph.D. Hamburg 1950 (under F. Sommer), then Assistant there, now concentrating on Anatolian. PD 1960 Hamburg. Feom 1964 apl. Professor at Munich, 1968 eo. Professor of Hittite at Pontificio Istituto Biblico in Rome, 1969 ord. at Munich. Emeritus 1987. Died after long illness. Unmarried. Studied both IE and non-IE languages of ancient Anatolia.
Publications: Diss. Die Morphologie der hethitischen Verbalnomina auf -uuanzi und -anna, -uuan, -uuar, -atar und -essar. 1950 (publ. as articles in MIO 2-4, 1955-56), and other works on Anatolian.
– Hab.diss. Studien zum ältesten Videvdat. 1. Fargard 3 und die Totenvorstellungen und Hunde-Magie‘ im Videvdat. Manuscript 1958.
– Die Arier im Vorderen Orient. 295 p. Heidelberg 1968.
– Kleine Schriften zum Altanatolischen und Indogermanischen. Heidelberg 1993.
Sources: *A. Archi, Orientalia 66, 1997, 86-88; *G. Franz-Szabó. Z. für Assyriologie 88, 1998, 161-163; H.C. Melchert, Kratylos 43, 1998, 222-224; German Wikipedia.


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KAHANE, Reuven. Beit Alfa (kibbutz) 1931 — Jerusalem 2003. Israeli Sociologist. Ph.D. 1970 Berkeley. Lecturer, then Professor of Sociology and Anthropology at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Married Orna Smirin, at least one son.
Publications: Diss. Higher Education and Integrative Entrepreneurship: The Case of India. 1970.
– The problem of political legitimacy in an antagonistic society: the Indonesian case. 51 p. Beverly Hills 1973.
– “Priesthood and social change: The case of the Brahmins”, Religion 11, 1981, 353-366 & 12, 1982, 49-65.
– Legitimation and Integration in Developing Societies: The Case of India. 13+141 p. 2019.
– Other publications not related with South Asia, also in Hebrew.
Sources:  Publications in Internet, life years in Wikipedia on his son, Ahuvia Kahane, a classical scholar, and in Wikidata.


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JOHNSON, Willard Lyon. Des Moines, Iowa 30.5.1939 — Pauma Valley, Calif. 29.12.2006. U.S. Indologist and Scholar of Religion. Son of the elder W. L. Johnson and Margerie Elta Hackenberg. Studies at Oberlin College (B.A. 1961) and University of Wisconsin in Madison (M.A. 1966), Ph.D. 1972 there in Indian Languages and Literature. In 1970-72 Lecturer in Religious Studies and Comparative Literature at California State University in Long Beach, 1972-74 Assistant Professor of the same, ibid. In 1972-74 also acting director, Program of religious studies. From 1971-79 Lecturer in Religious Studies at San Diego State Univer­sity, 1979-88 Associate Professor at Del Mar, 1980-81 also Assistant Professor at Oberlin College. From 1988 Associate Professor of Religious Studies at San Diego State Univer­sity.
Publications: Diss. Into a thousand similes: image and symbol in the Ṛgvedic enigmatic sense of reality, and some beginnings of Indian speculation. Manuscript of 628 p. Madison 1972.
– With R. H. Robinson: The Buddhist Religion: a Historical Introduction. 1977, 3rd rev. ed. 302 p. Belmont, Calif. 1982, 5th ed. 2004.
– “On the Ṛg Vedic Riddle of the Two Birds in the Fig Tree (RV 1.164.20-22), and the Discovery of the Vedic Speculative Symposium”, JAOS 96, 1976, 248-258.
– Poetry and Speculation of the Ṛg Veda. 28+192 p. Berkeley 1980.
– Riding the Ox Home. A History of Meditation from Shamanism to Science. 261 p. Boston, MA 1982.
– Translated: The Bhagavad gita. 23+95 p. O.U.P. 1994.
Sources: Dir. Am. Sch. 8th ed. 4, 1982; prabook.com.


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IVES, Edward. 1719 — Bath 25.9.1786. British Physician and Traveller. In 1744-46 served as navy surgeon in the Mediterranean and after a while in England in 1753-57 in the flag ship of Vice-admiral Charles Watson, commander-in-chief in the East Indies. After Admiral’s death (1757), and himself rather unwell, returned to Englans, partly on landway. Then on half-pay, retired 1777. Last years resided in at Titchfield, Hampshire. Married 1745 Rebecca Mary Otto Bayer (d. 1747) and 1751 Ann Titchfield, three sons and one daughter. Laughton emphasizes that very little is known of his life.
Publications:  A voyage from England to India in the year MDCCLIV, and an Historical Narrative of the Operations of the Squadron and Army in India, under the command of Vice-admiral Watson and Colonel Clive, in the years 1755–1756–7; … also a Journey from Persia to England by an unusual Route
. 12+506 p. London 1773.
Sources: J.K.L[aughton], D.N.B. 29, 79, *rev. by E. Baigent, Oxford D.N.B.; Wikipedia.


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HYART, Charles. 1913 — 2004. Belgian Philologist. Studies at Liège (also Sanskrit with Fohalle). Taught Russian at Liège.
Publications: Les contes de l’Inde. Brussels 1944.
– “Le poème Nal’ i Damajanti de V. A. Zukovskij et l’original hindou”, Annuaire de l’Institut de philologie et d’histoire orientales et slaves 12 (= Mélanges Henri Grégoire. 4), 1952, 185-200 .
– Much on classics and Slavic.
Sources:  Publications in Internet.